Online Fraud in Spain: What to Do If You Are a Victim?

Online Fraud in Spain: Legal Options for Victims

Online fraud – in Spanish «Estafa online» – is a criminal offence under Art. 248.2 of the Código Penal and is punishable by imprisonment. Cases are particularly frequent in Mallorca, Ibiza and Barcelona.

Common Types of Online Fraud

• Fake online shops: Payment for goods never delivered
• Phishing: Stealing bank details via fake emails or websites
• Romance scam: Building a false relationship to extract money
• Investment fraud: Fake investments in cryptocurrency or stocks
• CEO fraud: Fake emails posing as executives

What Should Victims Do Immediately?

1. Preserve evidence: Screenshots, emails, chat logs, transaction records
2. Contact your bank: Immediate freeze and chargeback request
3. File a police report: At the Policía Nacional or Guardia Civil
4. Consult a lawyer: For a Querella (formal criminal complaint) in serious cases

Criminal Complaint in Spain (Denuncia / Querella)

For simple online fraud a Denuncia at the police often suffices. For complex cases or larger amounts, a Querella filed by a lawyer is recommended. As private prosecutor (Acusación particular) I can actively represent you in criminal proceedings and simultaneously claim damages.

Limitation Periods

For fraud in Spain the limitation period is generally 5 years (Art. 131 CP). Act quickly.

Conclusion

Online fraud is taken seriously by Spanish courts. As a German-speaking lawyer in Mallorca I help you enforce your rights.